Examining Bank Health Ratings and Their Impact on Non-Performing Financing in Indonesian Islamic Banks

Views icon

166

Views

Downloads icon

94

Downloads

Altmetrics icon

Altmetrics

Abstract

The relationship between Islamic Commercial Bank health indicators and non-performing financing requires careful examination amid recent economic volatility. Researchers analyzed quarterly financial data from eleven Indonesian Islamic Commercial Banks spanning 2019-2024 using panel data regression through E-views software, employing the RGEC framework with Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Return on Equity (ROE), Operating Expense to Operating Income Ratio (BOPO), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) as independent variables, while Non-Performing Financing (NPF) served as the dependent variable. Statistical analysis reveals that FDR, ROE, BOPO, and CAR jointly lack predictive power for NPF variations, with the model explaining merely 3.079% of variance (Adjusted R-Square). Individual variable testing identifies FDR as the sole significant predictor, demonstrating an inverse relationship with NPF—higher financing distribution correlates with lower default rates when lending remains selective, whereas ROE, BOPO, and CAR show no meaningful association with non-performing financing levels. These findings challenge conventional assumptions about financial ratio utility in predicting credit quality deterioration, as the model's weak explanatory power suggests internal financial metrics alone offer insufficient understanding of NPF dynamics. Future research should integrate external determinants including macroeconomic indicators, regulatory policy shifts, and institutional risk management practices to develop more robust predictive frameworks for Islamic banking credit risk.

References

  1. Aditia, D., Nasution, D., Sains, F., Pembangunan, U., & Budi, P. (2020). Dampak pandemi covid-19 terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Jurnal Benefita, 5(2), 212–224.
  2. Ascarya, Rahmawati, S., & Karim, A. A. (2016). Testing of the procyclicality of Islamic and conventional banks in Indonesia. In Macroprudential regulation and policy for the Islamic financial industry: Theory and applications (pp. 133-152). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30445-8_8
  3. Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023). Laporan perekonomian Indonesia (pp. 5–8).
  4. Baltagi, B. H. (2005). Econometric analysis of panel data. John Wiley & Sons.
  5. Bartik, A. W., Bertrand, M., Cullen, Z. B., Glaeser, E. L., Luca, M., & Stanton, C. T. (2020). How are small businesses adjusting to COVID-19? Early evidence from a survey (No. w26989). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3570896
  6. Basuki, A. T., & Parwoto, N. (2017). Analisis regresi dalam penelitian ekonomi & bisnis. Raja Grafindo Persada.
  7. Chick, R. C., Clifton, G. T., Peace, K. M., Propper, B. W., Hale, D. F., Alseidi, A. A., & Vreeland, T. J. (2020). Using technology to maintain the education of residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Surgical Education, 77(4), 729–732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.03.018
  8. Correa-Martínez, C. L., Kampmeier, S., Kümpers, P., Schwierzeck, V., Hennies, M., Hafezi, W., Kühn, J., Pavenstädt, H., Ludwig, S., & Mellmann, A. (2020). A pandemic in times of global tourism: Superspreading and exportation of COVID-19 cases from a ski area in Austria. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 58(6), 19–21. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00588-20
  9. Cowley, P., & Schmidt, M. (2020). Implications for health financing in Asia and Pacific economic impact of Covid-19.
  10. Crawford, J., Butler-Henderson, K., Rudolph, J., Malkawi, B., Glowatz, M., Burton, R., Magni, P. A., & Lam, S. (2020). COVID-19: 20 countries' higher education intra-period digital pedagogy responses. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 3(1), 9–28. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2020.3.1.7
  11. Fachri, M. F., & Mahfudz. (2021). Analisis pengaruh CAR, BOPO, NPF dan FDR terhadap ROA (Studi pada bank umum syariah di Indonesia periode tahun 2016-2019). Diponegoro Journal of Management, 10(1), 1–10. http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/dbr
  12. Fathoni, M. R., Wulandari, R., & Zainuri. (2023). Retesting of procyclicality in Indonesian sharia banking during the Covid-19. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Airlangga, 33(1), 79–90. https://doi.org/10.20473/jeba.V33I12023.79
  13. Gregorius Rio, A., & Pitaloka, E. (2020). Strategi usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) bertahan pada kondisi pandemik Covid 19 di Indonesia. Seminar Nasional Terapan Riset Inovatif (SENTRINOV) Ke-6, 6(2), 139–146.
  14. Hanoatubun, S. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 on the Indonesian economy. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 146–153.
  15. Ibrahim, M. H. (2016). Business cycle and bank lending procyclicality in a dual banking system. Economic Modelling, 55, 127-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2016.01.013.
  16. Ikatan Bankir Indonesia. (2016). Manajemen kesehatan berbasis resiko (Edisi Pertama). Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
  17. International Monetary Fund. (2023). World economic outlook 2023: Navigating global divergences. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2023/10/10/world-economic-outlook-october-2023
  18. Kawohl, W., & Nordt, C. (2020). COVID-19, unemployment, and suicide. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(5), 389-390. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.275
  19. Kholiq, A., & Rahmawati, R. (2020). Dampak implementasi restrukturisasi pembiayaan terhadap likuiditas bank syariah pada situasi pandemi covid-19. El Barka: Journal of Islamic Economics and Business, 3(2), 282-316. https://doi.org/10.21154/elbarka.v3i2.2472.
  20. Nabilah, S., Nursan, M., & Suparyana, P. K. (2021). Dampak pandemi covid-19 terhadap umkm (studi kasus umkm zea food di kota mataram). Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, 1(12), 2655-2660. https://doi.org/10.47492/jip.v1i12.438.
  21. Nurhaliza, S., Kismawadi, E. R., & Hamid, A. (2018). Pengaruh rasio keuangan terhadap non performing financing pada PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri Indonesia. Al-Masharif: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Keislaman, 6(2), 64. https://doi.org/10.24952/masharif.v6i2.1136
  22. Nuryanto, & Pambuko, Z. B. (2018). Eviews untuk analisis ekonometri dasar aplikasi dan interpretasi. UNIMMA Press.
  23. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2023). OECD economic outlook (Issue 78).
  24. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2023). Statistik perbankan syariah. https://www.ojk.go.id
  25. Ozdemir, D., Sharma, M., Dhir, A., & Daim, T. (2022). Supply chain resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Technology in society, 68, 101847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101847
  26. Ozili, P. K., & Arun, T. (2023). Spillover of COVID-19: impact on the Global Economy. In Managing inflation and supply chain disruptions in the global economy (pp. 41-61). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3562570
  27. Pambudi, A. S., Masteriarsa, M. F., Wibowo, A. D. C., Amaliyah, I., & Ardana, A. K. (2020). Strategi pemulihan ekonomi sektor pariwisata pasca Covid-19. Majalah Media Perencana, 1(1), 1-21.
  28. Peng, L., Zhang, L., & Chen, W. (2021). Capital market liberalization and investment efficiency: Evidence from China. Financial Analysts Journal, 77(4), 23–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/0015198X.2021.1965862
  29. Qudsy, N. H. Al, Umam, K., & Masrifah, A. R. (2020). Source of procyclicality in dual banking system: The case of Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Economics and Philanthropy (JIEP), 3(2), 717–748.
  30. Saraswati, H. (2019). Dampak pandemi Covid-19 terhadap pasar saham di Indonesia. JAD: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi & Keuangan Dewantara, 3(2), 153–163. https://doi.org/10.26533/jad.v3i2.696
  31. Uğur, N. G., & Akbıyık, A. (2020). Impacts of COVID-19 on global tourism industry: A cross-regional comparison. Tourism management perspectives, 36, 100744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100744
  32. Utari, G. A. D., Arimurti, T., & Kurniati, I. N. (2012). Prosiklikalitas sektor perbankan dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi. BPPK, 5, 1–14.
  33. Wahyuningtyas, I. P., & Utami, V. F. (2021). Analisis pengaruh dana pihak ketiga (DPK), non performing financing (NPF) dan return on asset (ROA) terhadap pembiayaan di PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk. El-Jizya: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 9(2), 171–185. https://doi.org/10.24090/ej.v9i2.5170
  34. Werang, B. R. (2015). Pendekatan kuantitatif dalam penelitian sosial. Calpulis.
  35. Widarjono, A. (2009). Ekonometrika pengantar dan aplikasinya (3rd ed.). Ekonesia.
  36. Wijaya, T. (2013). Metodologi penelitian ekonomi dan bisnis. Graha Ilmu.
  37. World Economic Forum. (2024). The global risk report (Issue 19).

Author Biographies

How to Cite

Rahmadani, S. (2025). Examining Bank Health Ratings and Their Impact on Non-Performing Financing in Indonesian Islamic Banks. Journal of Law and Economics, 4(2), 250-260. https://doi.org/10.56347/jle.v4i2.378

Article Details

  • Volume: 4
  • Issue: 2
  • Pages: 250-260
  • Published:
  • Section: Articles
  • Copyright: 2025
  • ISSN: 2963-7937

License

Articles in this journal are published under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC-BY 4.0). This means that users may share and adapt the articles published on this website in a reasonable manner, but they must give appropriate credit to the creator and indicate the changes they have made. Users must not apply additional restrictions, but must publish the work under the same license (CC-BY 4.0).

Similar Articles

Similar Articles

Discover other articles with topics similar to what you're currently reading. Find more references and expand your knowledge base.

Related Articles You May Be Interested In

More Similar Articles

Normative Approach to Law and Economics in Developing...

Intan Meitasari, Suratno Suratno, Yuniwati Yuniwati

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): NOVEMBER
Preventive Measures Against Non-Performing Loans:...

Siti Nurhasanah, Dewi Septiana, Kasmawati Kasmawati

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): NOVEMBER
Pengaruh Belanja Modal Terhadap Pengangguran di Indonesia

Cut Elsa Fahira, Devia Chalisa, Nurul Karila, Muammar Rezaldi, Rezky Wulan Ramadhani, Khairul Amri

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): MAY 2023
Evaluasi Efisiensi Ekonomi dan Dampak Investasi dari...

Cut Keumala Sari

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): NOVEMBER 2023
Most read articles by the same author(s)

Related Articles